Linking dysbiosis to precancerous stomach through inflammation: Deeper than and beyond imaging

Data de publicação: Data Ahead of Print:

Autores da FMUP

  • Pedro Filipe Vieira Pimentel Nunes

    Autor

Participantes de fora da FMUP

  • Lopes, C
  • Almeida, TC
  • Dinis-Ribeiro, M
  • Pereira, C

Unidades de investigação

Abstract

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is considered the gold standard for gastric lesions detection and surveillance, but it is still associated with a non-negligible rate of missing conditions. In the Era of Personalized Medicine, biomarkers could be the key to overcome missed lesions or to better predict recurrence, pushing the frontier of endoscopy to functional endoscopy. In the last decade, microbiota in gastric cancer has been extensively explored, with gastric carcinogenesis being associated with progressive dysbiosis. Helicobacter pylori infection has been considered the main causative agent of gastritis due to its interference in disrupting the acidic environment of the stomach through inflammatory mediators. Thus, does inflammation bridge the gap between gastric dysbiosis and the gastric carcinogenesis cascade and could the microbiota-inflammation axis-derived biomarkers be the answer to the unmet challenge of functional upper endoscopy? To address this question, in this review, the available evidence on the role of gastric dysbiosis and chronic inflammation in precancerous conditions of the stomach is summarized, particularly targeting the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways. Additionally, the potential of liquid biopsies as a non-invasive source and the clinical utility of studied biomarkers is also explored. Overall, and although most studies offer a mechanistic perspective linking a strong proinflammatory Th1 cell response associated with, but not limited to, chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, promising data recently published highlights not only the diagnostic value of microbial biomarkers but also the potential of gastric juice as a liquid biopsy pushing forward the concept of functional endoscopy and personalized care in gastric cancer early diagnosis and surveillance.

Copyright © 2023 Lopes, Almeida, Pimentel-Nunes, Dinis-Ribeiro and Pereira.

Dados da publicação

ISSN/ISSNe:
1664-3224, 1664-3224

Frontiers in Immunology  Frontiers Media S.A.

Tipo:
Review
Páginas:
1134785-1134785
Link para outro recurso:
www.scopus.com

Citações Recebidas na Web of Science: 4

Citações Recebidas na Scopus: 10

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Keywords

  • atrophic gastritis; biomarkers; inflammation; microbiota; functional endoscopy

Financiamento

Proyectos asociados

How endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastrointestinal lesions is being implemented? Results from an international survey

Investigador Principal: Pedro Filipe Vieira Pimentel Nunes

Estudo Clínico Académico (ENDOS) . 2020

Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer

Investigador Principal: Pedro Filipe Vieira Pimentel Nunes

Estudo Clínico Académico . 2020

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