Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c

Data de publicação: 01/11/2023 Data Ahead of Print: 01/11/2023

Autores da FMUP

Nuno Miguel De Sousa Lunet

Autor

Participantes de fora da FMUP

Zhou, Bin
Sheffer, Kate E.
Bennett, James E.
Gregg, Edward W.
Danaei, Goodarz
Singleton, Rosie K.
Shaw, Jonathan E.
Mishra, Anu
Lhoste, Victor P. F.
Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.
Kengne, Andre P.
Phelps, Nowell H.
Heap, Rachel A.
Rayner, Archie W.
Stevens, Gretchen A.
Paciorek, Chris J.
Riley, Leanne M.
Cowan, Melanie J.
Savin, Stefan
Vander Hoorn, Stephen
Lu, Yuan
Pavkov, Meda E.
Imperatore, Giuseppina
Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.
Ahmad, Noor Ani
Anjana, Ranjit Mohan
Davletov, Kairat
Farzadfar, Farshad
Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio
Khang, Young-Ho
Kim, Hyeon Chang
Laatikainen, Tiina
Laxmaiah, Avula
Mbanya, Jean Claude N.
Narayan, K. M. Venkat
Ramachandran, Ambady
Wade, Alisha N.
Zdrojewski, Tomasz
Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul
Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.
Adambekov, Shalkar
Adams, Robert J.
Aekplakorn, Wichai
Agdeppa, Imelda A.
Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad
Agyemang, Charles
Ahmadi, Ali
Ahmadi, Naser
Ahmadi, Nastaran
Ahmed, Soheir H.
Ajlouni, Kamel
Al-Hinai, Halima
Al-Lahou, Badreya
Al-Lawati, Jawad A.
Al Asfoor, Deena
Al Qaoud, Nawal M.
Alarouj, Monira
AlBuhairan, Fadia
AlDhukair, Shahla
Aldwairji, Maryam A.
Ali, Mohamed M.
Alinezhad, Farbod
Alkandari, Abdullah
Alomirah, Husam F.
Aly, Eman
Amarapurkar, Deepak N.
Andersen, Lars Bo
Anderssen, Sigmund A.
Andrade, Dolores S.
Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza
Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer
Aris, Tahir
Arlappa, Nimmathota
Aryal, Krishna K.
Assah, Felix K.
Assembekov, Batyrbek
Auvinen, Juha
Avdicova, Maria
Azad, Kishwar
Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen
Azizi, Fereidoun
Bacopoulou, Flora
Balakrishna, Nagalla
Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed
Banach, Maciej
Bandosz, Piotr
Banegas, Jose R.
Barbagallo, Carlo M.
Barcelo, Alberto
Baretic, Maja
Barrera, Lena
Basit, Abdul
Batieha, Anwar M.
Batista, Aline P.
Baur, Louise A.
Belavendra, Antonisamy
Ben Romdhane, Habiba
Benet, Mikhail
Berkinbayev, Salim
Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio
Berrios Carrasola, Ximena
Bettiol, Heloisa
Beybey, Augustin F.
Bhargava, Santosh K.
Lele, Elysee Claude Bika
Bikbov, Mukharram M.
Bista, Bihungum
Bjerregaard, Peter
Bjertness, Espen
Bjertness, Marius B.
Bjorkelund, Cecilia
Bloch, V, Katia
Blokstra, Anneke
Bo, Simona
Bobak, Martin
Boggia, Jose G.
Bonaccio, Marialaura
Bonilla-Vargas, Alice
Borghs, Herman
Bovet, Pascal
Brajkovich, Imperia
Brenner, Hermann
Brewster, Lizzy M.
Brian, Garry R.
Briceno, Yajaira
Brito, Miguel
Bugge, Anna
Buntinx, Frank
Cabrera de Leon, Antonio
Caixeta, Roberta B.
Can, Gunay
Candido, Ana Paula C.
Capanzana, V, Mario
Capkova, Nadezda
Capuano, Eduardo
Capuano, Rocco
Capuano, Vincenzo
Cardoso, Viviane C.
Carlsson, Axel C.
Casanueva, Felipe F.
Censi, Laura
Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin
Chamnan, Parinya
Chamukuttan, Snehalatha
Chan, Queenie
Charchar, Fadi J.
Chaturvedi, Nish
Chen, Huashuai
Cheraghian, Bahman
Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
Chudek, Jerzy
Cifkova, Renata
Cirillo, Massimo
Claessens, Frank
Cohen, Emmanuel
Concin, Hans
Cooper, Cyrus
Costanzo, Simona
Cowell, Chris
Crujeiras, Ana B.
Cruz, Juan J.
Cureau, V, Felipe
Cuschieri, Sarah
D'Arrigo, Graziella
D'Orsi, Eleonora
Dallongeville, Jean
Damasceno, Albertino
Dastgiri, Saeed
De Curtis, Amalia
de Gaetano, Giovanni
De Henauw, Stefaan
Deepa, Mohan
DeGennaro, Jr., Vincent
Demarest, Stefaan
Dennison, Elaine
Deschamps, Valerie
Dhimal, Meghnath
Dika, Zivka
Djalalinia, Shirin
Donfrancesco, Chiara
Dong, Guanghui
Dorobantu, Maria
Dorr, Marcus
Dragano, Nico
Drygas, Wojciech
Du, Yong
Duante, Charmaine A.
Duboz, Priscilla
Dushpanova, Anar
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta
Ebrahimi, Narges
Eddie, Ricky
Eftekhar, Ebrahim
Efthymiou, Vasiliki
Egbagbe, Eruke E.
Eghtesad, Sareh
El-Khateeb, Mohammad
El Ati, Jalila
Eldemire-Shearer, Denise
Elosua, Roberto
Enang, Ofem
Erasmus, Rajiv T.
Erbel, Raimund
Erem, Cihangir
Ergor, Gul
Eriksen, Louise
Eriksson, Johan G.
Esmaeili, Ali
Evans, Roger G.
Fakhradiyev, Ildar
Fall, Caroline H.
Faramarzi, Elnaz
Farjam, Mojtaba
Farzi, Yosef
Fattahi, Mohammad Reza
Fawwad, Asher
Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.
Ferguson, Trevor S.
Fernandez-Berges, Daniel
Ferrari, Marika
Ferreccio, Catterina
Ferreira, Haroldo S.
Ferrer, Eldridge
Feskens, Edith J. M.
Flood, David
Forsner, Maria
Fosse, Sandrine
Fottrell, Edward F.
Fouad, Heba M.
Francis, Damian K.
Frontera, Guillermo
Furusawa, Takuro
Gaciong, Zbigniew
Garnett, Sarah P.
Gasull, Magda
Gazzinelli, Andrea
Gehring, Ulrike
Ghaderi, Ebrahim
Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi
Ghanbari, Ali
Ghasemi, Erfan
Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina
Ghimire, Anup
Gialluisi, Alessandro
Giampaoli, Simona
Gianfagna, Francesco
Gill, Tiffany K.
Gironella, Glen
Giwercman, Aleksander
Goltzman, David
Gomula, Aleksandra
Goncalves, Helen
Goncalves, Mauer
Gonzalez-Chica, David A.
Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela
Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P.
Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena
Gonzalez, Angel R.
Gottrand, Frederic
Grafnetter, Dusan
Grodzicki, Tomasz
Grontved, Anders
Guerrero, Ramiro
Gujral, Unjali P.
Gupta, Rajeev
Gutierrez, Laura
Gwee, Xinyi
Haghshenas, Rosa
Hakimi, Hamid
Hambleton, Ian R.
Hamzeh, Behrooz
Hanekom, Willem A.
Hange, Dominique
Hantunen, Sari
Hao, Jie
Kumar, Rachakulla Hari
Harooni, Javad
Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad
Hata, Jun
Heidemann, Christin
Henrique, Rafael dos Santos
Herrala, Sauli
Herzig, Karl-Heinz
Heshmat, Ramin
Ho, Sai Yin
Holdsworth, Michelle
Homayounfar, Reza
Hopman, Wilma M.
Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R.
Hormiga, Claudia
Horta, Bernardo L.
Houti, Leila
Howitt, Christina
Htay, Thein Thein
Htet, Aung Soe
Htike, Maung Maung Than
Huerta, Jose Maria
Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani
Huisman, Martijn
Husseini, Abdullatif
Huybrechts, Inge
Iacoviello, Licia
Iakupova, Ellina M.
Iannone, Anna G.
Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim
Ijoma, Chinwuba
Irazola, Vilma E.
Ishida, Takafumi
Isiguzo, Godsent C.
Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Islek, Duygu
Ittermann, Till
Iwasaki, Masanori
Jaaskelainen, Tuija
Jacobs, Jeremy M.
Jaddou, Hashem Y.
Jadoul, Michel
Jallow, Bakary
James, Kenneth
Jamil, Kazi M.
Janus, Edward
Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta
Jasienska, Grazyna
Jelakovic, Ana
Jelakovic, Bojan
Jennings, Garry
Jha, Anjani Kumar
Jimenez, Ramon O.
Jockel, Karl-Heinz
Jokelainen, Jari J.
Jonas, Jost B.
Joshi, Pradeep
Josipovic, Josipa
Joukar, Farahnaz
Jozwiak, Jacek
Kafatos, Anthony
Kajantie, Eero O.
Kalmatayeva, Zhanna
Karki, Khem B.
Katibeh, Marzieh
Kauhanen, Jussi
Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M.
Kaze, Francois F.
Ke, Calvin
Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka
Kelishadi, Roya
Keramati, Maryam
Kersting, Mathilde
Khader, Yousef Saleh
Khaledifar, Arsalan
Khalili, Davood
Kheiri, Bahareh
Kheradmand, Motahareh
Khosravi, Alireza
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula
Kiechl, Sophia J.
Kiechl, Stefan
Kingston, Andrew
Klakk, Heidi
Klanova, Jana
Knoflach, Michael
Kolsteren, Patrick
Konig, Jurgen
Korpelainen, Raija
Korrovits, Paul
Kos, Jelena
Koskinen, Seppo
Kowlessur, Sudhir
Koziel, Slawomir
Kriemler, Susi
Kristensen, Peter Lund
Kromhout, Daan
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Kujala, Urho M.
Kulimbet, Mukhtar
Kurjata, Pawel
Kyobutungi, Catherine
Quang Ngoc La
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Lachat, Carl
Laid, Youcef
Lall, Lachmie
Lankila, Tiina
Lanska, Vera
Lappas, Georg
Larijani, Bagher
Latt, Tint Swe
Laurenzi, Martino
Lehmann, Nils
Lehtimaki, Terho
Lemogoum, Daniel
Leung, Gabriel M.
Li, Yanping
Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda
Lin, Hsien-Ho
Lind, Lars
Lissner, Lauren
Liu, Xiaotian
Lopez-Garcia, Esther
Lopez, Tania
Lozano, Jose Eugenio
Luksiene, Dalia
Lundqvist, Annamari
Lustigova, Michala
Machado-Coelho, George L. L.
Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.
Macia, Enguerran
Macieira, Luisa M.
Madar, Ahmed A.
Maestre, Gladys E.
Maggi, Stefania
Magliano, Dianna J.
Magriplis, Emmanuella
Mahasampath, Gowri
Maire, Bernard
Makdisse, Marcia
Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza
Malekzadeh, Fatemeh
Malekzadeh, Reza
Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna
Malyutina, Sofia
Maniego, V, Lynell
Manios, Yannis
Mannix, Masimango Imani
Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz
Manzato, Enzo
Margozzini, Paula
Marino, Joany
Marques, Larissa Pruner
Martorell, Reynaldo
Mascarenhas, Luis P.
Masinaei, Masoud
Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.
Matsha, Tandi E.
Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J.
McFarlane, Shelly R.
McGarvey, Stephen T.
Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene
Mehlig, Kirsten
Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang
Melgarejo, Jesus D.
Mendez, Fabian
Menezes, Ana Maria B.
Mereke, Alibek
Meshram, Indrapal I.
Meto, Diane T.
Minderico, Claudia S.
Mini, G. K.
Miquel, Juan Francisco
Miranda, J. Jaime
Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza
Modesti, Pietro A.
Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi
Mohamed, Mostafa K.
Mohammad, Kazem
Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza
Mohammadi, Zahra
Mohammadifard, Noushin
Mohammadpourhodki, Reza
Mohan, Viswanathan
Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
Mohebbi, Iraj
Moller, Niels C.
Molnar, Denes
Momenan, Amirabbas
Mondo, Charles K.
Montenegro Mendoza, Roger A.
Monterrubio-Flores, Eric
Moosazadeh, Mahmood
Moradpour, Farhad
Morejon, Alain
Moreno, Luis A.
Morgan, Karen
Morin, Suzanne N.
Moslem, Alireza
Mosquera, Mildrey
Mossakowska, Malgorzata
Mostafa, Aya
Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali
Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel
Motta, Jorge
Msyamboza, Kelias P.
Thet Thet Mu
Muiesan, Maria L.
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Musa, Kamarul Imran
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Naidu, Balkish M.
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Tze Pin Ng
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Quang Ngoc Nguyen
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Noboa, Oscar A.
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O'Neill, Terence W.
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Ong, Sok King
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Pedro, Joao M.
Peixoto, Sergio Viana
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Pereira, Alexandre C.
Pessoa dos Prazeres, Thaliane Mayara
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Phall, Modou Cheyassin
Son Thai Pham
Hiep Hoang Phan
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Plans-Rubio, Pedro
Plata, Silvia
Porta, Miquel
Poudyal, Anil
Pourfarzi, Farhad
Pourshams, Akram
Poustchi, Hossein
Pradeepa, Rajendra
Providencia, Rui
Puder, Jardena J.
Puhakka, Solie
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Quintana, Hedley K.
Tran Quoc Bao
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Raitakari, Olli
Ramirez-Zea, Manuel
Ramke, Jacqueline
Ramos, Rafel
Rampal, Lekhraj
Rampal, Sanjay
Rangel Reina, Daniel A.
Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi
Redon, Josep
Renner, Jane D. P.
Reuter, Cezane P.
Revilla, Luis
Rezaei, Negar
Rezaianzadeh, Abbas
Rigo, Fernando
Roa, Reina G.
Robinson, Louise
Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando
Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Del Cristo
Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A.
Rodriguez, Andrea Y.
Roggenbuck, Ulla
Rohloff, Peter
Romeo, Elisabetta L.
Rosengren, Annika
Rubinstein, Adolfo
Rust, Petra
Rutkowski, Marcin
Sabbaghi, Hamideh
Sachdev, Harshpal S.
Sadjadi, Alireza
Safarpour, Ali Reza
Safi, Sare
Safiri, Saeid
Saghi, Mohammad Hossien
Saidi, Olfa
Saki, Nader
Salaj, Sanja
Salanave, Benoit
Salonen, Jukka T.
Salvetti, Massimo
Sanchez-Abanto, Jose
Santos, Diana A.
Santos, Lelita C.
Santos, Maria Paula
Santos, Tamara R.
Saramies, Jouko L.
Sardinha, Luis B.
Sarrafzadegan, Nizal
Saum, Kai-Uwe
Sbaraini, Mariana
Scazufca, Marcia
Schaan, Beatriz D.
Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Schipf, Sabine
Schmidt, Carsten O.
Ben Schottker
Schramm, Sara
Sebert, Sylvain
Sedaghattalab, Moslem
Sein, Aye Aye
Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
Sewpaul, Ronel
Shamah-Levy, Teresa
Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza
Sharafkhah, Maryam
Sharma, Sanjib K.
Sharman, Almaz
Shayanrad, Amaneh
Shayesteh, Ali Akbar
Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana
Shiri, Rahman
Shrestha, Namuna
Si-Ramlee, Khairil
Santos Silva, Diego Augusto
Simon, Mary
Simons, Judith
Simons, Leon A.
Sjostrom, Michael
Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta
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Smeeth, Liam
Sobngwi, Eugene
Soderberg, Stefan
Soemantri, Agustinus
Sofat, Reecha
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Somi, Mohammad Hossein
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Sparrenberger, Karen
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Stavreski, Bill
Steene-Johannessen, Jostein
Stehle, Peter
Stein, Aryeh D.
Stessman, Jochanan
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Suarez-Ortegon, Milton F.
Suebsamran, Phalakorn
Sundstrom, Johan
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Sylva, Rene Charles
Szklo, Moyses
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Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul
Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.
Taylor, Anne
Taylor, Julie
Tello, Tania
Thankappan, K. R.
Theobald, Holger
Theodoridis, Xenophon
Thomas, Nihal
Thrift, Amanda G.
Timmermans, Erik J.
Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari
Tolonen, Hanna K.
Tolstrup, Janne S.
Tomaszewski, Maciej
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Torres-Collado, Laura
Traissac, Pierre
Triantafyllou, Areti
Tuitele, John
Tuliakova, Azaliia M.
Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.
Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka
Tzala, Evangelia
Tzourio, Christophe
Ueda, Peter
Ugel, Eunice
Ukoli, Flora A. M.
Ulmer, Hanno
Uusitalo, Hannu M. T.
Valdivia, Gonzalo
Van den Born, Bert-Jan
Van der Heyden, Johan
Hoang Van Minh
van Rossem, Lenie
Van Schoor, Natasja M.
van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.
van Zutphen, Elisabeth M.
Vanderschueren, Dirk
Vanuzzo, Diego
Vasan, Senthil K.
Vega, Tomas
Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo
Verstraeten, Roosmarijn
Viet, Lucie
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Vioque, Jesus
Virtanen, Jyrki K.
Viswanathan, Bharathi
Voutilainen, Ari
Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan
Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan
Wang, Chongjian
Wang, Ningli
Wang, Qian
Wang, Ya Xing
Wang, Ying-Wei
Wannamethee, S. Goya
Webster-Kerr, Karen
Wedderkopp, Niels
Wei, Wenbin
Westbury, Leo D.
Whincup, Peter H.
Widhalm, Kurt
Widyahening, Indah S.
Wiecek, Andrzej
Wilks, Rainford J.
Willeit, Johann
Willeit, Peter
Wilsgaard, Tom
Wojtyniak, Bogdan
Wong, Andrew
Wong, Emily B.
Woodward, Mark
Wu, Frederick C.
Xu, Haiquan
Xu, Liang
Yaacob, Nor Azwany
Yan, Li
Yan, Weili
Yoosefi, Moein
Yoshihara, Akihiro
Younger-Coleman, Novie O.
Yu, Yu-Ling
Yu, Yunjiang
Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi
Zainuddin, Ahmad A.
Zamani, Farhad
Zambon, Sabina
Zampelas, Antonis
Zaw, Ko Ko
Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic
Zeng, Yi
Zhang, Zhen-Yu
Zholdin, Bekbolat
Zimmet, Paul
Zitt, Emanuel
Zoghlami, Nada
Cisneros, Julio Zuniga
Ezzati, Majid
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration NCD-

Unidades de investigação

Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica

Abstract

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance. Analysis of HbA1c and FPG levels across 117 population-based studies demonstrates regional variation in prevalence of previously undiagnosed screen-detected diabetes using one or both measures and suggests that use of elevated FPG alone could underestimate diabetes prevalence in low- and middle-income countries.

Dados da publicação

ISSN/ISSNe:: 1546-170X, 1078-8956
Tipo:: Article
Páginas:: 2885-2901
DOI:: 10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2
Link para outro recurso:: www.scopus.com

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Keywords

BETA-CELL DYSFUNCTION; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; HBA(1C); HBA1C; RISK; CLASSIFICATION