Prevalence of antidepressant use in Brazil: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Autores da FMUP

• Fernanda Inês De Carvalho Pereira Ribeiro

  Autor

Participantes de fora da FMUP

• Tiguman, Gustavo Magno Baldin
• Hoefler, Rogerio
• Silva, Marcus Tolentino
• Lima, Vanessa Gomes
• Galvao, Tais Freire

Unidades de investigação

• Laboratório Associado RISE- Rede de Investigação em Saúde

  

  Investigador

  Fernando Carlos De Landér Schmitt

• Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde

• RISE-Health

  

  Investigador

  Fernando Carlos De Landér Schmitt

Abstract

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of antidepressant use in Brazil. Methods: We conducted a systematic review with searches in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, and SciELO up to May 2023. Two researchers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality. We pooled the prevalence of antidepressant use using metaanalyses of proportions (Freeman-Tukey transformation) and estimated heterogeneity by the I 2 statistic. OR meta-analyses of antidepressant use by sex were calculated (men as reference) and between-study variation was explored by meta-regressions. Results: Out of 3,299 records retrieved, 23 studies published in 28 reports were included, with a total of 75,061 participants. The overall prevalence of antidepressant use was 4.0% (95%CI 2.7-5.6%; I 2 = 98.5%). Use of antidepressants in the previous 3 days was higher in women (12.0%; 95%CI 9.5-15.1%; I-2 = 0%) than men (4.6%; 95%CI 3.1-6.8%; I-2 = 0%) (p < 0.001; OR = 2.82; 95%CI 1.724.62). Gender differences were particularly higher for antidepressant use in the previous year (women: 2.3%; 95%CI 1.6-3.1; I-2 = 37.6% vs. men: 0.5%; 95%CI 0.2-1.0%; I-2 = 0%, p < 0.001; OR = 4.18; 95%CI 2.10-8.30). Between-study variation in the overall prevalence of antidepressant use significantly increased with mean participant age (p = 0.035; residual I-2 = 0%; regression coefficient = 0.003). Conclusion: Four out of every 100 Brazilians used antidepressants in this 3-decade assessment. Use increased with age and was more prevalent in women compared to men. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42022345332.

Keywords

• Antidepressive agents; drug utilization; mental health; prevalence; systematic review