Underestimated Prediabetic Biomarkers: Are We Blind to Their Strategy?

Autores da FMUP

• Raquel Ângela Silva Soares Lino

  Autor

Participantes de fora da FMUP

• Lu?s, C
• Baylina, P
• Fernandes, R

Unidades de investigação

• Biomedicina

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is currently one of the fastest growing health challenging, a non-communicable disease result of the XXI century lifestyle. Given its growing incidence and prevalence, it became increasingly imperative to develop new technologies and implement new biomarkers for early diagnosis in order to promote lifestyle changes and thus cause a setback of the disease. Promising biomarkers have been identified as predictive of T2D development; however, none of them have yet been implemented in clinical practice routine. Moreover, many prediabetic biomarkers can also represent potential therapeutical targets in disease management. Previous studies have identified the most popular biomarkers, which are being thoroughly investigated. However, there are some biomarkers with promising preliminary results with limited associated studies; hence there is still much to be understood about its mechanisms and associations in T2D pathophysiology. This work identifies and discusses the promising results of Galectin-3, Ophthalmate and Fetuin-A.

Keywords

• advanced glycation end product receptor; amino acid; biological marker; C reactive protein; chemical agent; cytokine; fatty acid; fetuin A; galectin 3; glucose transporter; insulin receptor substrate 1; messenger RNA; ophthalmic acid; phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase; prediabetic biomarker; protein kinase B; toll like receptor 4; unclassified drug; amino acid synthesis; body mass; cell adhesion; cell cycle; extracellular matrix; glucose blood level; inflammation; insulin resistance; kidney function; lipid diet; metabolic syndrome X; NF kB signaling; nonalcoholic fatty liver; nonhuman; Review