Dietary glycemic load and its association with glucose metabolism and lipid profile in young adults

Autores da FMUP

• Carla Maria De Moura Lopes

  Autor

• Elisabete Da Conceição Pereira Ramos

  Autor

Participantes de fora da FMUP

• Fernandes, AC
• Marinho, AR

Unidades de investigação

• Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica

Abstract

Background and aim: To evaluate the association of Glycemic Load (GL) with glucose metabolism and blood lipids among young adults. Methods and results: This study included 1538 participants (51% females), evaluated at 21 years of age as part of the EPITeen cohort. The GL of each individual was obtained from the assessment of their dietary intake by using a 86-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The eval-uation included anthropometric measurements and a fasting blood sample was used to measure glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Insulin resistance was calculated based on the ho-meostasis model method (HOMA-IR). The association between the GL and the biochemical pa-rameters was evaluated by linear regression models using 13 and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), stratified by sex and adjusted for body mass index (BMI), energy and fiber intake, and self-perceived social class. No association was found between GL and the glucose metabolism pa-rameters after adjustment. Regarding blood lipids, a positive association was found with LDL-C (13 = 1.507, 95% CI 0.454; 2.561 for females; 13 = 0.216, 95% CI-0.587; 1.020 for males) and a negative association with HDL-C (13 =-0.647, 95% CI-1.112;-0.181 for females; 13 =-0.131, 95% CI-0.422; 0.160 for males). Conclusions: Our results suggest that, in healthy young subjects, a high GL diet may have a nega-tive impact on lipid profile. (c) 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords

• Glycemic load; Glucose metabolism; Blood lipids; Young adults; Dietary intake